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Elijah Muhammad (born Elijah Robert Poole; October 7, 1897 – February 25, 1975) was an African-American religious leader, who led the Nation of Islam (NOI) from 1934 until his death in 1975. He was a mentor to Malcolm X, Louis Farrakhan, Muhammad Ali, and his son, Warith Deen Mohammed. ==Early years and life before Islam== Elijah Muhammad was born ''Elijah Robert Poole'' in Sandersville, Georgia, the seventh of thirteen children to William Poole, Sr. (1868–1942), a Baptist lay preacher and sharecropper, and Mariah Hall (1873–1958), a homemaker and sharecropper. Elijah's education ended at the third grade to work in sawmills and brickyards.〔http://www.biography.com/people/elijah-muhammad-9417458#awesm=~oBHIKFiTWK9maw〕 To support the family, he worked with his parents as a sharecropper. When he was sixteen years old, he left home and began working in factories and at other businesses. Poole married Clara Evans (1899–1972) on March 7, 1917. The Poole family was among the hundreds of thousands of black families forming the First Great Migration leaving the oppressive and economically troubled South in search of safety and employment. Poole later recounted that before the age of 20, he had witnessed the lynchings of three black men by white people. He said, "I seen enough of the white man's brutality to last me 26,000 years".〔Claude Andrew Clegg II, ''An Original Man: The Life and Times of Elijah Muhammad'', St. Martin's Griffin, 1998.〕 Moving his own family, parents and siblings, Elijah and the Pooles settled in Hamtramck, Michigan. Through the 1920s and 1930s, Poole struggled to find and keep work as the economy suffered during the Great Depression. During their years in Detroit, the Pooles had eight children, six boys and two girls.〔Richard Brent Turner, "From Elijah Poole to Elijah Muhammad", ''American Visions'', October–November 1997.〕〔Karl Evanzz, ''The Messenger: The Rise and Fall of Elijah Muhammad'' Random House, 2001.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elijah Muhammad」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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